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July 30, 2026Short & citedBlog
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Field Notes • Spice

Turmeric

Turmeric is a flowering plant in the ginger family, scientifically known as Curcuma longa.

Updated July 30, 20261 min readCited sources

Turmeric is a flowering plant in the ginger family, Curcuma longa, whose dried rhizome is used as a spice, dye, and in traditional medicine. It is native to South Asia and Southeast Asia and is widely cultivated for its bright yellow colour.

What it is

Turmeric is a perennial herbaceous plant with rhizomes, large leaves, and flowers. It belongs to the Zingiberaceae family and is not known to grow wild; it is cultivated in tropical climates with warm temperatures and high annual rainfall.

Why it matters

Turmeric is a key ingredient in curry powder and other spice blends, and its vivid yellow colour comes from curcumin, a compound studied for possible antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It has a long history in traditional Asian medicine and is widely used in cooking, food colouring, and dyeing.

Key details

The rhizome is boiled, dried, and ground into powder. Turmeric has been cultivated in South Asia for centuries and is now grown across tropical regions. In Canada, it is sold as a cooking spice, food colouring, and in dietary supplements and herbal products.

In short

  • Turmeric is the dried rhizome of Curcuma longa, in the ginger family.
  • Its yellow colour comes mainly from curcumin.
  • It is used as a spice, food colouring, and in traditional medicine.
  • Widely available in Canada as a spice and supplement ingredient.
Canadian angle

Turmeric is widely sold in Canada as a cooking spice, food colouring, and ingredient in dietary supplements and herbal products.

Quick questions

What is turmeric?
Turmeric is a plant species, Curcuma longa, and the dried rhizome used as a spice and colouring agent.
What gives turmeric its yellow colour?
The main yellow pigment in turmeric is curcumin.
Where is turmeric native to?
Turmeric is native to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia.

Sources

  1. Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turmeric
    Supports: Scientific name, plant family, native range, and general description.
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannicahttps://www.britannica.com/plant/turmeric
    Supports: Botanical identity, native range, and historical uses.
  3. National Cancer Institutehttps://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/turmeric
    Supports: Definition, spice use, food colour use, and curcumin.
  4. NCBI Bookshelfhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK92752/
    Supports: Traditional medicinal use, plant family, and rhizome description.
  5. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kewhttps://www.kew.org/plants/turmeric
    Supports: Domesticated status and cultivation in tropical regions.
  6. PubChemhttps://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/Curcuma-longa
    Supports: Taxonomy and classification as Curcuma longa in the ginger family.