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July 30, 2026Short & citedBlog
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Field Notes • Biology

Starfish

Starfish, also called sea stars, are marine invertebrates in the class Asteroidea within the phylum Echinodermata.

Updated July 30, 20261 min readCited sources

Starfish, also called sea stars, are marine invertebrates in the class Asteroidea. They live only in saltwater and are not fish.

What it is

Starfish are echinoderms, closely related to sea urchins, sand dollars, and sea cucumbers. More than 1,600 species exist worldwide, with most having five or more arms arranged in radial symmetry.

Why it matters

They are important predators in marine ecosystems, often feeding on bivalves like clams and mussels, which helps shape ocean-floor communities. Their ability to regenerate lost arms also makes them a model for biological research.

Key details

Starfish use a water vascular system and hundreds of tube feet to move, feed, and sense their surroundings. They inhabit all oceans, from Canadian tide pools to deep-sea floors, and can reproduce both sexually and asexually.

In short

  • Starfish are echinoderms, not fish.
  • They live only in marine saltwater habitats.
  • Many species can regenerate lost arms.
  • They play a key ecological role on the ocean floor.
Canadian angle

Starfish are found in Canadian marine waters, including the Pacific and Atlantic coasts, and are familiar to Canadian readers through tide pools, rocky shores, and cold-water marine ecosystems.

Quick questions

Are starfish actually fish?
No. Starfish are marine invertebrates called sea stars, and they are echinoderms, not fish.
How many arms do starfish have?
Many have five arms, but some species have more, sometimes many more.
Where do starfish live?
They live only in saltwater marine habitats, from shallow coastal areas to deep ocean floors.

Sources

  1. NOAA Ocean Servicehttps://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/starfish.html
    Supports: Starfish are not fish; they are echinoderms, live only in saltwater, and use a water vascular system.
  2. Smithsonian Science Education Centerhttps://ssec.si.edu/stemvisions-blog/all-about-starfish
    Supports: Classification as Asteroidea within Echinodermata and estimate of more than 1,600 species.
  3. Encyclopaedia Britannicahttps://www.britannica.com/animal/sea-star
    Supports: Sea stars are marine invertebrates of class Asteroidea and are not fishes.
  4. Alaska Department of Fish and Gamehttps://www.adfg.alaska.gov/static/education/wns/starfish.pdf
    Supports: Habitat, ecological importance, and general biology of starfish.
  5. National Geographichttps://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/invertebrates/facts/starfish-1
    Supports: Common name, diet, habitat range, and species diversity.