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July 30, 2026Short & citedBlog
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Field Notes • Bird

Bird-of-paradise

Birds-of-paradise are a family of passerine birds, Paradisaeidae, known for the elaborate plumage and courtship displays of the males.

Updated July 30, 20261 min readCited sources

Birds-of-paradise are a family of passerine birds famous for their elaborate plumage. Males perform complex courtship displays to attract mates.

What it is

Birds-of-paradise are a family of songbirds, Paradisaeidae, in the order Passeriformes. They are known for the striking ornamental feathers and bright colours of males, which are highly sexually dimorphic compared to the drabber females.

Key details

The family includes about 42–45 species, depending on classification. Most are found in New Guinea and nearby islands, with a few species in eastern Australia and the Maluku Islands. They inhabit tropical and montane forests, swamps, and related habitats.

Behaviour and ecology

Males are famous for elaborate courtship displays, often involving dancing or lekking. Their diet mainly consists of fruit and arthropods, though it varies by species. Nesting and breeding behaviour also vary, with some species forming leks and others using different mating systems.

In short

  • Family Paradisaeidae of passerine birds
  • About 42–45 species, mostly in New Guinea
  • Males have bright plumage and complex courtship displays
  • Diet includes fruit and arthropods

Quick questions

What are birds-of-paradise?
They are a family of passerine birds, Paradisaeidae, known for the elaborate plumage and courtship displays of the males.
Where do birds-of-paradise live?
They are found mainly in New Guinea and nearby islands, with some species in eastern Australia and the Maluku Islands.
How many species are there?
Sources commonly list about 42 to 45 species, depending on classification.

Sources

  1. Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bird-of-paradise
    Supports: Family Paradisaeidae, Passeriformes classification, distribution, and species count estimate.
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannicahttps://www.britannica.com/animal/bird-of-paradise
    Supports: Approximate number of species and general description as small to medium-sized forest birds.
  3. PBS Naturehttps://www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/birds-of-the-gods-bird-of-paradise-facts/6236/
    Supports: Family classification, species estimate, sexual dimorphism, habitat, diet, and courtship behaviour.
  4. National Geographichttps://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/birds/facts/birds-of-paradise
    Supports: General family description and species count as more than three dozen.